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Cajanus cajan

(L.) Huth (1893)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Cajanus

dahl, pī nūnū [pi nunu], pigeon pea, red gram

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs up to 2(–4)m tall.

Stems: Stems ribbed, golden sericeous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound (pinnately trifoliate or sometimes palmately trifoliate). Alternate. Blades elliptic to lanceolate, lateral ones obliquely elliptic, 5–13 cm long, 1.5–6 cm wide. Upper surfaces glabrate; lower surfaces usually densely silvery pilose. Leaflet margins entire. Petiolate. Stipules small, caducous.

Flowers: Flowers in axillary pseudoracemes, these rarely also terminal. Flowers papilionaceous, stalked; bracteoles absent. Calyx golden tomentose and glandular, persistent in fruit; standard yellow, often reddish–lined or orange to purple externally, 12–17 mm long, wings yellow, keel yellowish green tinged orange to purple. Calyx 5-lobed, upper 2 lobes connate into a larger bifid lobe. Corolla of 5 petals, standard yellow, often reddishlined or orange to purple externally, 12-17 mm long, wings yellow, keel yellowish green tinged orange to purple. Stamens 10; upper stamen distinct, the other 9 connate into a tube. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Pods yellow or green striped with maroon or dark purple; straight to sickle–shaped; 2–8(–13) cm long; 0.4–1(–1.7) cm wide; pubescent and glandular; weakly septate within. Seeds 2–9; variable in shape and coloration; buff to cream or reddish brown; slightly laterally flattened; 4–9 mm long; 3–8 mm in diameter; the rim–aril well–developed when seeds unripe.

Ploidy: 2n = 22; 44; 66

Habitat: Cultivated and occasionally escaping; apparently naturalized in open; disturbed areas such as roadsides; pastures; and cane fields.

Elevation Range: 25–610 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Only found in cultivation
Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 25-610 m
  • Consists of various cultivars native to India, cultivated in all tropical areas for edible seeds and some areas as a vegetable. Cultivated in Hawaiʻi and naturalized in open.
  • Description digitized by Jonah Tiwanak
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Early introduction to islands; on Oʻahu 1864-65.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Helios 11: 133 (1893)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:649 (K, O, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:300 (KEY), 308 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth palolo valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN garber, d.w. collector number: 28 Oahu BISH 11/2/1919
2 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth koloa district; kalaheo, puuwai road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 3762 Kauai BISH 2/8/1990
3 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth foster botanical garden In dappled shade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2010 Oahu BISH 2/13/1986
4 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth University farm, Honolulu Semi-dry region. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Inafuku, R. s.n. Oahu BISH 10/18/1930
5 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Honolulu. Keeaumoku Street PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 12807 Oahu BISH 12/28/1932
6 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth round top road above makiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 2492.0 Oahu BISH 5/1/1917
7 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Palolo Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Garber, D.W. 28 Oahu BISH 11/2/1919
8 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Honolulu, Hickam Field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Pearsall, G.A. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/1/1947
9 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Round top road above Makiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 2492.O Oahu BISH 5/1/1917
10 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Honolulu, Vineyard Street, E. side, Palama, N. of Nuhelawai Bridge, between sidewalk and field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Egler, F.E. s.n. Oahu BISH 2/18/1937
11 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Honolulu, McCully Street Sea level. Flat slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Higuchi, G.T. 54 Oahu BISH 5/8/1971
12 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Upaeula, Waialua District Open fields PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Baker, R.J. 128 Oahu BISH 9/25/1932
13 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth University of Hawaii campus Waste field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hume, E.P. 63 Oahu BISH 11/15/1930
14 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Koloa District; Kalaheo, Puuwai Road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 3762 Kauai BISH 2/8/1990
15 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Foster Botanical Garden In dappled shade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2010 Oahu BISH 2/13/1986
16 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth honolulu, hickam field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN pearsall, g.a. Oahu BISH 5/1/1947
17 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth university of hawaii at manoa campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 1/25/1978
18 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth University of Hawaii at Manoa Campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. s.n. Oahu BISH 1/25/1978
19 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth aiea trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kerr, m. Oahu BISH 6/18/1945
20 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth university of hawaii campus Potted plant, partially shaded. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hume, e.p. collector number: 63 Oahu BISH 11/15/1930
21 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth University of Hawaii at Manoa Campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Collector Number: s.n. Oahu BISH 1/25/1978
22 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Hamakua, Ouhi Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tomich, P.Q. 904 Hawaii BISH 3/9/1960
23 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth honolulu. keeaumoku street PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 12807 Oahu BISH 8/8/1943
24 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth 1 mile e of n junction of hwys 37 and 377 pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 797 Maui BISH 12/18/1967
25 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth upaeula, waialua district Open fields PRESERVED_SPECIMEN baker, r.j. collector number: 128 Oahu BISH 9/25/1932
26 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth near k.m.c roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fagerlund, g.o. mitchell, a.l. collector number: 828 Hawaii BISH 8/3/1943
27 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth papaaloa along cane field road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. ishikawa, s. Hawaii BISH 1/15/1975
28 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth university farm, honolulu Semi-dry region. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN inafuku, r. Oahu BISH 10/18/1930
29 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Sand Island vegetable garden; Musa x paradisiaca, Solanum melongena, Carica papaya PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 080610-04 Midway Atoll BISH 6/10/2008
30 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Waianae UTM 2372304 584982 In lawn, in front of house. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN OED 2007053101 Oahu BISH 5/31/2007
31 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Waimea Arboretum & Botanical Garden, 59-864 Kamehameha Hwy, Malesia area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst Oahu HAPI 12/18/1967
32 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth 1 mile E of N junction of Hwys 37 and 377 pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 797 Maui BISH 12/18/1967
33 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth sand island vegetable garden; Musa x paradisiaca, Solanum melongena, Carica papaya PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. starr, k. collector number: 080610-04 Midway Atoll BISH 6/10/2008
34 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth wailuku canefields PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 8701 Maui BISH
35 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth honolulu, mccully street Sea level. Flat slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN higuchi, g.t. collector number: 54 Oahu BISH 5/8/1971
36 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth honolulu, vineyard street, e. side, palama, n. of nuhelawai bridge, between sidewalk and field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN egler, f.e. Oahu BISH 2/18/1937
37 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Papaaloa along cane field road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. s.n. Hawaii BISH 1/15/1975
38 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Near K.M.C roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fagerlund, G.O. 828 Hawaii BISH 8/3/1943
39 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Wailuku canefields PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 8701 Maui BISH 3/24/1905
40 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth hamakua, ouhi gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN tomich, p.q. collector number: 904 Hawaii BISH 3/9/1960
41 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth waianae utm 2372304 584982 In lawn, in front of house. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oed frohlich, d.; lau, a. collector number: 2007053101 Oahu BISH 5/31/2007
42 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Kalaheo. Puuwai Road. Cultivated plants. Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 3762 Kauai PTBG 2/8/1990
43 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Kalaheo. Puuwai Road at entrance to Kalawai Park. Secondary vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 7146 Kauai PTBG 11/8/2004
44 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Lawai Valley. In old cane field southeast of toolshed in Bamboo Bridge. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1058 Kauai PTBG 4/4/1985
45 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Napili. Growing along road to pineapple fields. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H100101 Maui PTBG 10/6/2001
46 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth kahuku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 13887 Kauai US 6/26/1916
47 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth university of hawaii at manoa campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. corn s.n. Maui US 1/25/1978
48 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Kahuku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 13887 Kauai US 6/26/2016
49 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth papa`aloa, along cane field road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & s. ishikawa 5160 Hawaii US 1/15/1975
50 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth University of Hawaii at Manoa campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. s.n. Oahu US 1/25/1978
51 Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Papa`aloa, along cane field road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Ishikawa, S. 5160 Hawaii US 1/15/1975
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